Use of tourniquets by police officers when assisting civilians

Normative delimitation and empirical evidence

Abstract

This article aimed to conduct a normative analysis, supported by empirical evidence, regarding the obligation or discretion of police officers to use tourniquets on third parties, especially civilians, within the context of Pre-Hospital Trauma Life Support
(PHTLS). A qualitative-quantitative approach was adopted, of a descriptive-analytical nature, combining: (i) bibliographic and documentary review of legislation, ordinances, and guidelines related to the topic; and (ii) analysis of police reports registered by the Minas Gerais State Police. The findings reveal a consistent legal framework that supports the role of the police officer as a first responder in cases of extremity hemorrhage. A significant increase in the use of tourniquets has been observed in
recent years, particularly following the institutionalization of training, with a predominant application on civilian victims (in more than 90% of cases). It is noteworthy that, in approximately one-third of the incidents involving civilians, injuries occurred as
a result of confrontations with the police, which underscores the ethical conduct of state agents in fulfilling their mission to preserve life. It is concluded that the use of tourniquets on third parties is not only legally legitimate but also constitutes a functional duty, and its acquisition, carriage, and application should be incorporated into institutional guidelines. This study addresses a doctrinal gap by articulating empirical evidence and legal foundations, providing support for public policies aligned with the principles of Evidence-Based Policing.