A política de segurança pública em Pernambuco

a ausência de uma educação para segurança (2021-2024)

Abstract

In Brazil, following the promulgation of the Constitution, which established public security as “a duty of the State, and the right and responsibility of all” (BRASIL, 2013, p. 88), public security policy was expected to be conceived within the framework of a democratically organized society grounded in human rights, citizenship, and human dignity. Within this perspective, addressing violence and crime does not entail engaging in arbitrariness or abuse, but rather adopting legal, political, and social procedures. Almost four decades after its establishment, the public security policy implemented by the Brazilian states remains predominantly repressive, while preventive and educational policies are neglected and relegated to the background by government bodies and professionals. This study aims to analyze the legislative output on public security proposed by the Executive and Legislative branches of the state of Pernambuco between 2021 and 2024. The study also seeks to demonstrate that Pernambuco’s public security policy is punitive, which is a consequence of the absence of public security education and preventive and pedagogical policies in addressing violence. To achieve these aims, this study draws on academic literature on public security education policies as well as on the normative output produced by the Executive and Legislative branches of Pernambuco during the 2021–2024 legislative term, which reveals a preference for punitive actions. Data collection was carried out using the Official State Gazette of Pernambuco (DOE-PE) and the website of the Legislative Assembly of Pernambuco (ALEPE). The legislative output on security appears to be more politically motivated than technically sound. Octávio Amorim Neto and Fabiano Santos (2002) argue that proposed bills may serve as symbolic acts, not requiring parliamentary commitment for their deliberation. Rather, they are merely a way of demonstrating accountability to the electorate. Overall, the legislative and normative output has shown indifference to issues related to the Democratic Rule of Law, including the absence of professional training and capacity development, as well as the repeal and reform of legislation inherited from the military dictatorship. An example of this is the disciplinary regulations of the Military Police of Pernambuco. Rather, these aspects reveal the absence of a public security education policy.